ASSIGNMENT QUESTION
Assume that you are the system analyst of a business organisation in Malaysia. You
have been asked to propose a strategic plan for IT to the top management.
Your proposal should contain the following:
(1) A description on the selected business organisation with its vision, mission, goals and objectives and THREE business functional areas in detail.
(2) A discussion the THREE benefits of strategic planning to the business organisation and a proposal of THREE strategies on how IT can be used to strategically achieve a competitive business advantage.
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1.0 Introduction
Nowadays, there are many business
organizations are conducting
their business in
traditional. All of them do not utilize the technology available information in front of the eye to grow their
business. Among them was the Perusahaan
Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd (Perodua). After a long time,
they do not expand
their businesses make a full use of information technology. Here is the proposed
strategic planning in information
technology that will be forwarded
to top management for further analysis
and use.
As we know, Perodua
has become Malaysia's second automobile manufacturer after Proton. Here
is information such
as the company's vision, mission,
goals and objectives of the company.
Vision, - To become the most preferred
automotive brand renowned
for its quality products and
excellent services which contribute to
national development.
Mission - To
be a world class automobile company renowned for excellent quality and
reliability through:
o
Professionalism in all our operations
o
Efficiency in utilising technologies and
available resources
o
Resilience in meeting our challenges
o
Optimising benefits to customers and
stakeholders
o
Dedication towards social responsibility
to community, the environment and development of competent workforce
o
Uniqueness in our products
Goals - Remain competitive and strong
positions in the automotive industry.
Objectives - To make products and services affordable to ordinary
people.
2.0 Business
functional area
2.1 Human
resources
Human
resource management covers several sub important
aspects such as recruitment,
training, Career Development, talent management, leadership
development and controlling
the human resource. Entrepreneur.com defines human resources as "The department or support systems
responsible for personnel sourcing and hiring, applicant tracking, skills
development and tracking, benefits administration and compliance with
associated government regulations ". The main
role of HR is to ensure a competitive
human capital in the
global market.
This can be done by providing
ongoing training to
all staff as
appropriate expertise, rank
and age. The company will have a positive effect
on staff can
provide the best performance. May
indirectly increase the confidence and comfort of customers
to buy the products they offer.
The
exact function of human resources is to
provide support to senior management,
middle management and up to subordinates. For example, all
employees need a boarding
pass to the factory, then the
task of the human resources is to ensure
that all employees from top management to the
bottom have a
valid pass so that they can carry out
their duties without restrictions.
Human resource task
is not easy because it became a benchmark for
the success and profitability of
a company. Imagine if the human fails to do the
hiring of a new employee when the company is in
need. This will result in impaired productivity
and will extend the production of goods.
2.2 Finance
Finance
function is
very important in
expenses apply to a company. It can support a decision to
be made by top management.
Finance function to
measure the company's progress based
on reports gains and losses earned
in a particular period.
In addition, the finance function
must also ensure adequate financial flows for
planning short and long term. In general, the
finance function is divided into internal
and external. Four main functions are listed below :
·
Recording financial transactions
(internal) - Covering ledger and asset control.
·
Treasury management
(internal/external) - Cover Cashflow,
working capital and foreign exchange management and managing financial risks.
·
Financial reporting (external reporting)
- Financial statements. Tax, and Regulatory information.
·
Management accounts (internal reporting)
– Cover Costing records, budgets, pricing and decision making information (e.g.
for investment decisions) and Performance evaluation (e.g. Key Peformance Index,
KPI).
Many large companies
set financial functions
in one place to facilitate both suppliers and customers. This way to avoid
confusion on the part
of the customer in receiving different
invoices. In addition, financial
matters are also more easily implemented because it comes from
one source headquarters.
2.3 Marketing
In essence, marketing function includes four
main processes of
researching, packaging, presenting products or transportation and quality control. “Marketing is an essential process to the
success of your small business. Good marketing campaigns help drive sales and
better inform your consumer about your business”(
Heather Topham Wood, Demand Media, 2013). Other functions
of marketing is to ensure that
the price offered is affordable by the
target user. This method can be
done by performing the test
marketing of the products to be launched. Various strategies can be implemented as early
collecting user feedback, user satisfaction surveys and studies on the
prices of products offered. Here are detailed 4 main functions and major
process mentioned above.
2.3.1 Research
One
of the main
functions of marketing is to research and
target customers. They need to look at the
current trends and requirements
of the customer. Marketing
outlets should also look into the
products marketed by other
companies in the same industry. This way they can see how
effective each marketing they have performed.
If seen from Perodua early involvement
in the automobile industry in 1994,
it appears they have
made a lot of research on the needs of the car segment in Malaysia. For
example, starting with passenger
cars Perodua Kancil, they make a study of the
needs of larger vehicles. Thus,
they produce Perodua Rusa.
But Perodua Rusa less
well received. Perodua Rusa findings seen less
well received due to the lack of attractive
appearance and had
to compete with Nissan and Toyota Liteace
Vannette that give
more value buy.
But on Nov 29, 2009, Perodua once again produce
a multi purpose vehicle (MPV) called Perodua Alza. This
time they managed to sell so many Alza model. This study
shows the need for
multi-purpose vehicle users have been successful.
2.3.2 Packaging
Together market research, packaging
and logo is also
very important. Logo will ensure know many
goods sold. Indirectly, it can memperomosikan
company names and products. Packaging design
and logo must be
easily produced seen
and remembered by many. These are the techniques that the marketing function is seen among the most effective
ways to increase product sales
and company image.
In this proposal, logos Perodua became the main
asset of the
company to introduce Perodua Malaysia to the
world. Symbol of the letter
"P" is used evidently
seen and identified
easily by many
people. This option shows the logo produced
by Perodua marketing unit had a positive impact on society.
2.3.3 Transportation
Function of marketing is
transportation or delivery. When you
sell, you have to
deliver the goods ordered to customers. Unknowingly delivery methods influence
the attitudes and desires of customers
to continue shopping or at least pass on to family
and friends.
For
example, to
deliver customer purchased
car. Sellers must
first examine the tires,
petrol, all electronic switches and
lights in perfect condition. In addition, the seller has to make sure the cleanliness of the car itself so that buyers really satisfied
with what they pay.
2.3.4 Quality
control
Ensure quality control of the products meant to
compete with other manufacturers
in the same industry. Among the things done are set
high standards during the production process. When every product
produced consistent quality, so users will not feel
cheated by what
they purchase thus hopes to
enhance their confidence.
For
information, Perodua buy some
accessories from their
counterparts of toyota. As we know, the quality
of goods toyota very awake. Perodua indirectly
to maintain quality control on the production of their vehicles.
3.0 Benefits
of strategic planning.
3.1 In
terms of human resources.
Strategic
planning is
an important component of strategic
human resource management. HR strategic
plan is very important and it is
directly related with the organizational strategic goals.
Most organizations make up a strategic plan to achieve their organization's primary mission. While each planning
strategy requires financial resources, but human resources management is also very important in achieving each
of the objectives set by the organization.
An
organization will not be able to achieve their goals and objectives in the absence of
human resource management
strategic plan. There is no use if you have a lot of money but no human resources.
This show is so
great benefits and
the importance of strategic planning
of human resources in an organization.
Human
resource planning will also ensure that an organization does not lose the
necessary experts in a particular field. For example, Perodua Sdn Bhd may require
a person skilled in their car test before being
sold to consumers. So,
human resource management should prepare
a plan of short and long term
to ensure that the organization does not lose an expert
in preformance testing
new cars.
3.2 In
terms of finance.
Among
the purposes
and benefits of financial
strategy is to
maintain cash flow. Strong cash flow shows an
organization is able to expand and investment
assets. Strong cash flow generated from smart financial strategy plan. In addition, plans financial strategy
can also measure
the profitability of a company.
This can be done by removing the profit and loss reports of previous years to plan strategically
plan future investments.
Measure used is
total investment, sales and profits. From
this value, the management can set future goals
to improve the competitiveness of industries.
3.3 In
terms of marketing.
Strategic
planning in marketing provides many benefits to the organization. Strategic
marketing plan done no matter short or long term can measure the effectiveness
of marketing techniques used. Strategic plan allows us to determine the success and ability as a result of the marketing
techniques adopted. Strategic marketing plan can also help the direction and
goals of our organization.Three main benefits to be gained as a result of
strategic marketing are listed as below:
a.
Overview of annual goals.
A clear picture to achieve annual goals. Top management
can make annual achievement targets based on the initial plan is created. In
fact, the success of the plan provides is also dependent on human resources
strategic plan.
b.
Evaluating the measurement of success
Can evaluate the measurement of success according to the
desired time period. It can be performed by measuring improvements achieved by
working career.
c.
Determine the cost and time
We can determine the cost and time required by the
strategic plan produced. This is because the strategic marketing plan is
implemented together with the financial strategic plan.
4.0 Proposal use of Information
Technology in Human Resource.
Many benefits that can be derived from the use of
information technology in human resource
management. The problem has
always faced by human managers are
getting accurate and complete data about human
resources in quick
time. Although the
data is there, but it is inaccurate, not
current and doubted its authenticity. Despite all recruitment activities, payment of
wages, and so forth done through the computer, but it is
fragmented done by
the branch or plant.
In other words, there is no uniform application of
computer systems that use on-line database
used by the human
resources manager. So, a few
suggestions are listed below will hopefully help human resource managers to address existing problems.
4.1 Personal records management
application system.
System will be developed using a centralized database
where all data
such as name, NRIC
number, family members, education, length of service, leave record, expertise and
added to a database
so. This data
will be maintained by the human resources manager at the headquarters of Perodua. While input will be performed by each employee and
branch manager of
human resources. As a result, the
most recent data available
in an online database
accessible by top
management whenever and wherever
they are for the
purpose of staff development.
4.2 Training in information
technology.
As usual we hear
and see, large
organizations rarely reveal their subordinates
to information technology. Usually
training provided covers only motivational training. So, it is very necessary for the
company to provide training to all employees of
information technology no matter what their background. For example, they will
be trained to use e-mail. If they can read
e-mail through computers, or other devices
such as smart phones, the company can begin to make any
announcements just through
email only. No
need to spend to print letters and
indirectly to save paper and reduce
the company's costs.
4.3 Build "Decision support system".
Application development "Decision
support system" will give better
results based on the data
obtained in real quick cans. Results of human
resources is a very important factor in
determining the direction and goals
of the organization. Therefore, for
large companies such
as Perodua, they need to adopt
this system of
decision-making. With this system, the top management can get
the results in just a blink of an eye. Applications should be developed on-line
so that human resource
managers can access to the system within
which they live. So, as
long as there is access to the internet,
then all the
required statistics or reports can be obtained in a short time. This can
help top management make fast decisions
on the management of human resources.
5.0 Proposal use of Information
Technology in finance.
We
are indeed
using information technology in financial management. Starting
from money transfers,
payment of salaries, allowances, up to report higher profits, all done using information technology. But without us aware,
we sometimes use
the checks or cash to pay to
third parties. As we know of flesh, checks need
time to produce and require time to be
cashed. While cash is not safe to take in large amounts. This condition can cause the company to lose
customers because of Perodua
trivial this. Therefore,
a consensus should
be reached so that all financial transactions must be done through on-line
only.
The
biggest key
benefits to be derived by the top management is, they
can get financial
statistics in a short time and
accurate as all transactions received and withdrawals made on-line. In
addition, the business can also
be carried out 24 hours a day
because customers do not have to wait when the
bank operates.
For
example, a customer visiting Perodua showroom
at the weekend and would like to make a reservation immediately. So Perodua
branch where the
customer is located must accept the transfer
of money or credit or debit card to receive the
money order. This
can be done by means of adjustment
of the financial system on-line to all Perodua sales outlets throughout the country. Next, report the
receipt of funds will be issued by
the head office for the next course. This
situation would give
pleasure to the customers
because they can pay using a debit or credit card or online transfers. Compared to the
old method of the cash or checks take a long
time to resolve.
6.0 Proposal use of Information Technology in marketing.
The use of
information technology in marketing certainly cannot be separated. It is a loss
for an organization not to use information technology in marketing their
products. Unique marketing is starting from a global information technology
methods. We can see a banner ad clicks, web site traffic, number of followers
and e-mail sign up as members. Among the marketing method that can be done
through information technology are:
a.
Ads
on the web sites.
Advertise on leading web sites that have many visitors. Perodua senior
management need to run an advertisement during the year of 365 days. In this
way, users will never forget to Perodua products are available in the market.
b.
Advertising
with third parties
Advertise with google or yahoo. This type of advertising on the search
method among internet users. As we know, google and yahoo search engines are
often used by many people, then the Perodua can pay some of the most commonly
used keywords such as "compact cars", "fuel efficient
cars", "small car" and so on.
c.
Build
video series
Building
a series of videos on products and services for all products manufactured by
the company. This video can be uploaded to the site youtube, google play and so
on. This video can also be shared backend famous websites like facebook or
twitter.
Refferences
http://www.perodua.com.my
http://web10.bernama.com/auto/newsDetail.php?id=339901
http://www.scribd.com/doc/100417175/bab-1
http://www.simplehrguide.com/hr-processes.html
http://financial.kaplan.co.uk/Documents/ICAEW/Chapter_7.pdf
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/functions-marketing-business-32399.html
http://www.slideshare.net/loannplacido/chapter-2-strategic-human-resource-planning
http://www.mikegastin.com/content/seven-benefits-strategic-marketing-plan
http://www.catalystmarketers.com/create-a-strategic-marketing-plan/
http://choicestream.com/2012/06/26/information-technology-and-marketing-you-cant-have-one-without-the-other/
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